Modified technique for correction of the orbital hypertelorism / 中华整形外科杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To explore the possibility of para-orbital soft-tissue expansion, before orbital osteotomy and medial translocation procedures with a combined intracranial-extracranial approach.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Tissue expansion in the region of the zygomatic and temporal has been undergone for 3 weeks before the traditional intracranial-extracranial approach for orbital osteotomy and medial translocation in two patients. The healing between the orbital bone was studied with measurement of interorbital distance and three-dimensional CT.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The inter-orbital distance of the two patients decreased from 4.4 cm and 3.2 cm to 2.0 cm and 1.4 cm. The intercanthal distance decreased from 6.7 cm and 4.8 cm to 5.0 cm and 3.8 cm.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>The para-orbital soft-tissue expansion technique may be an effective technique for the stability of the corrected interorbital distance in orbital hypertelorism.</p>

The anatomic study and clinical observation of the neurectomy of the nerve to the medial gastrocnemius muscle for calf reduction / 中华整形外科杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To introduce a method to reduce the volume of medial gastrocnemius for calf reduction.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Tibial nerve and nerve branches were dissected and explored at popliteal region for morphometry in 20 cadaver-legs. The length, width and the origination position of the nerve to the medial gastrocnemius were measured and recorded. During surgery, the nerve to the medial gastrocnemius muscle were explored and cut off. The circumference and the shape of the leg were measured and recorded.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The nerve innervating the medial gastrocnemius originates from the tibial nerve which lies in the fat tissue of popliteal space. In 8 cases (40%) there is only 1 branch to the medial gastrocnemius, and in 4 cases (30%) there are 2 branches. In other 4 cases (30%) the medial sural cutaneous nerve originate from the nerve to the medial gastrocnemius. The nerve to the medial gastrocnemius muscle branch off at (- 6.6 +/- 13.7) mm; the width is (2.3 +/- 0.4) mm; the length is (42 +/- 12) mm. Neurectomy of the nerve to the medial gastrocnemius was performed in 16 cases. After operation, the circumference of the leg was reduced (3.5 +/- 1.1) cm averagely and the curve of the medial line of the calf was reduced. There is no obvious swelling in these cases and the patients were able to walk immediately after operation. The function of the leg was not obviously influenced.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>Neurectomy of the nerve to the medial gastrocnemius muscle was a safe and effective method for calf reduction.</p>

Establishment of rabbit orbital hypertelorism model and evaluation of effects of surgical correction / 南方医科大学学报

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To establish a rabbit model of orbital hypertelorism for plastic and reconstructive surgery and evaluate the surgical effects.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Orbital osteotomies and medial translocation was performed in 16 New Zealand rabbits (4 to 6 months old) by combined intracranial-extracranial approach. The interorbital distance (IOD) and bone healing between the orbits were evaluated with gross measurement. X-ray and histological examinations were performed immediately and 12 weeks after the operation.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The average IOD of the rabbits was 0.74 cm after completion of the operation, but increased to 0.96 cm 12 weeks after the operation, showing significant relapse of orbital hypertelorism (P<0.01).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The IOD can be decreased successfully in this rabbit model.</p>